CH 2: COMPONENTS OF FOOD

EXERCISES

I. Multiple choice Questions
   1. (a) Carbohydrate
   2. (C) Proteins
   3. (d) Carbohydrates
   4. (b)Iodine
   5. (a) Protective foods
   6. (c) Poor night vision
   7. (a) Anaemia

II. Fill in the blanks.
1. carbohydrates, proteins, fats, minerals, vitamins, water, roughage.
2. carbohydrates, fats
3. vitamins, minerals
4. proteins
5. proteins/body-building foods
6. cereals, potato
7. 70
8. milk, eggs, meat
9. digestive
11. fats
12. maida
13. goitre
14. iron (ii) b IV. Refer to page 14 (text)
15. obesity
16. proteins, carbohydrates

III. Match the statements.
i) Starch- Potato
ii) Protein- Pulses
iii) Fat- Butter
iv) Sugar-Glucose
v) Mineral- Calcium

IV. Define

1. Roughage is a component present in food items like fruits, vegetables, beans, etc which has no nutritive value but prevent constipation and help in proper functioning of the digestive system.

2.  The condition of consuming inadequate amount of food is called undernutrition.

3. Obesity is the condition that arises due to over consumption of food.

4. It is a term used to describe diets which lacks proteins and carbohydrates.

5. A balanced diet is a diet containing all the essential components of food in proper and correct quantities.

V. Mention the lacking food constituents.
1. Vitamin D
2. Vitamin C
3. Vitamin B
4. Proteins
5. Vitamin A
6. Iron

VI. Identify
1. Kwashiorkor
 2. Proteins

VII.  Answer the following
1. The major food groups are:
   (i) energy-giving foods (like carbohydrates and fats),
   (ii) body-building or growth-promoting foods (like proteins) and
   (iii) protective foods (vitamins and minerals).

2. It is necessary that all the three groups of foods should be present in our diet because no single food can supply all the three types of foods required for proper nutrition.

3. Sources of the following components are given below:
(i) Carbohydrates-Potato, sweet potato, rice
(ii) Protein-Meat, eggs, cheese
(iii) Fats-Nuts, milk, animal fat from meat.
(iv) Vitamins-Green leafy vegetables, fruits, milk
(v) Minerals-Milk, cheese, green leafy vegetables
(vi) Starch- Potato,Rice, Fibre
(vii) Dietaty fibre-Vegetables, fruits, beans

4. Water is necessary for our body due to the following reasons-
(i) For transporting substances within the body
(ii) For maintaining constant body temperature
(iii) For absorption of food and excretion of waste products from the body.


5.
i.Carbohydrates,
ii.proteins,
iii.fats,
iv.vitamins,
v.minerals,
vi.water and
vii.fibre.

6. Roughage is important for us due to the following reasons:
 (i) To avoid constipation.
(ii) For proper functioning of the digestive system.

7. Body requires energy-giving, body-building and protective foods. One type of food will not be able to provide all the three types of foods. Hence, we should not eat only one type of food.

8. We should include vitamins in our diet because Vitamins are required for proper functioning of the body and increases our immunity.

9. Milk, leafy vegetables.

10. Rice and potato are rich in carbohydrates (energy giving foods) . But if we eat only rice and potato in our diet, we will lack other nutrients like protein, fats, vitamins and minerals, etc.
11. Yes, but the different food items must provide energy giving, body-building and protective foods.

12.Two protein deficiency diseases are Kwashiorkor and Marasmus.
Symptoms of Kwashiorkor are
(i) Protruding belly
(ii) Dark and scaly skin, brownish hair
(iii) Stunted growth ; usually underweight
(iv) Swollen legs due to accumulation of water
(v) Loss of appetite (vi) Anaemia (vii) Mental retardation
(viii) Reduced resistance to diseases
Symptoms of Marasmus are-
(i) Poor muscle development
 (ii) Bones showing through the skin; no fat
(iii) Weak legs
(v) Anaemia
(vii) Mental retardation
(iv) Loss of appetite
(vi) Grossly underweight
(viii) Reduced resistance to diseases

13.
Seafood - iodine
Milk - proteins, vitamins and minerals
Table salt - iodine

14. Vitamin A - Night blindness
Iron - Anaemia
Vitamin C - Scurvy

 Submitted by- Dhrubajyoti Barman

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